Potentiometer Variable Resistor with Arduino Uno

This project demonstrates how to interface a potentiometer (variable resistor) with an Arduino Uno to read analog input values and convert them into corresponding voltage levels displayed on the Serial Monitor.

Components Needed

Block Diagram

Hardware Wiring Explanation

Connect one outer pin of the potentiometer to the Arduino 5V pin.

Connect the other outer pin of the potentiometer to the Arduino GND pin.

Connect the middle pin (wiper) of the potentiometer to the Arduino analog pin A1.

Software (Arduino IDE)

Open the Arduino IDE and create a new sketch.

Write code to read the analog value from pin A1 using analogRead().

Initialize serial communication at a baud rate of 9600 using Serial.begin(9600).

Upload the code to the Arduino Uno board.

Project Operation

The Arduino reads the potentiometer position as an analog value between 0 and 1023.

This value is converted into voltage using the formula: Voltage = (Analog Value × 5.0) / 1023.

The calculated voltage is displayed on the Serial Monitor.

A short delay of 100 milliseconds is added between readings for stable output.

Applications

Volume and brightness control circuits.

User input control for Arduino-based projects.

Calibration and tuning of sensors and devices.